Rupture of a concealed aneurysm after intravenous thrombolysis of a thrombus in the parent middle cerebral artery

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015 Mar;24(3):e63-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.10.004. Epub 2014 Dec 23.

Abstract

Background: Management of ischemic stroke in the presence of aneurysmal brain disease is controversial. Recent retrospective evidence suggests that in selected patients, intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) remains a safe approach for reperfusion.

Methods: We document a case of post-thrombolysis aneurysmal rupture. Supported by additional scientific literature we postulate that acute aneurysmal thrombosis leading to stroke in the culprit artery may be an ominous sign of rupture and should be considered separately from fortuitously discovered distant aneurysmal disease.

Results: A 71-year-old female presented with an acute right middle cerebral artery stroke syndrome. IVT allowed vessel reperfusion and revealed a previously concealed, juxtaposed non-giant M1 segment saccular aneurysm. Secondary aneurysmal rupture ensued. The aneurysm was secured by surgical clipping. Postoperative course was uneventful.

Conclusions: This case shows that despite reports of thrombolysis safety in the presence of brain aneurysms, thrombolysis remains potentially hazardous and hints toward an increased risk when the stroke arises on the parent vessel itself.

Keywords: Stroke; aneurysm; subarachnoid hemorrhage; thrombolysis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Aged
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / diagnosis
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / etiology*
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / surgery
  • Cerebral Angiography / methods
  • Female
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / complications
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / diagnosis
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / drug therapy*
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / complications*
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / diagnosis
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / surgery
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / complications
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / diagnosis
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / drug therapy*
  • Perfusion Imaging
  • Risk Factors
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / diagnosis
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / etiology*
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / surgery
  • Thrombolytic Therapy / adverse effects*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Fibrinolytic Agents