Multivariable risk of developing new onset diabetes after transplant-results from a single-center study of 481 adult, primary kidney transplant recipients

Clin Transplant. 2015 Apr;29(4):301-10. doi: 10.1111/ctr.12510. Epub 2015 Feb 18.

Abstract

Background: Understanding the relative contributions of baseline demographics and immunosuppressive therapy on NODAT risk may help in developing preventive strategies.

Methods: Using our prospectively followed cohort of 481 adult, primary kidney transplant recipients without pre-transplant diabetes, we determined the significant baseline predictors for the hazard rate of developing NODAT via Cox stepwise regression. The multivariable influence of first BPAR (defined as a time-dependent covariate) was also tested.

Results: Median follow-up was 57 mo post-transplant; the overall percentage who developed NODAT was 22.5% (108/481). Four baseline predictors of a greater NODAT hazard rate were found (by order of selection): higher BMI (p < 0.000001), planned maintenance with SRL (p = 0.0003), non-white recipient (p = 0.0004), and older recipient age (p = 0.0004). Approximately one-half of the 106 patients in the highest demographic risk category (BMI ≥25 kg/m(2) , non-white race, and age at transplant ≥40 yr) developed NODAT; actuarial NODAT risk ranged from 10% to 30% in the lower demographic risk categories. First BPAR was also associated with significantly higher NODAT in multivariable analysis (p = 0.02)-the highly elevated NODAT rate observed during the first few months post-transplant and following first BPAR appears to demonstrate the diabetogenic effect of using high-dose (intravenous) corticosteroids.

Conclusions: The disturbingly high NODAT rate found among patients having multiple demographic risk factors is still an important problem that awaits a better solution.

Keywords: kidney transplantation; multivariable risk factors; new onset diabetes after transplant.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Diabetes Mellitus / etiology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Graft Rejection / drug therapy
  • Graft Rejection / etiology
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / surgery*
  • Kidney Function Tests
  • Kidney Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications*
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Transplant Recipients

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents