Evaluation of Pre-Malignant and Malignant Lesions in Cervico Vaginal (PAP) Smears by Nuclear Morphometry

J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Nov;8(11):FC16-C19. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/10367.5221. Epub 2014 Nov 20.

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer occurring among women worldwide, with almost half a million new cases each year. Normal cells gradually transform to form cancer cells through several stages. So, the changes occurring during the transformational stages need to be assessed.

Aim: Our aim was to study various nuclear parameters useful in evaluating pre-malignant and malignant cervico-vaginal pap smears.

Materials and methods: Bethesda System was used to categorize cervical pap smears into premalignant and malignant lesions. Nuclear parameters were calculated using J 1.44C morphometric software. Several nuclear size parameters were analysed.

Results: The nuclear area, perimeter, diameter were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) parameters in differentiating premalignant from malignant cervical smears.

Conclusion: Nuclear morphometry was thus a useful objective tool in differentiating premalignant from malignant cervical smears.

Keywords: HSIL; LSIL; Nuclear morphometry; Squamous cell carcinoma.