Effect of canagliflozin on serum uric acid in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015 Apr;17(4):426-9. doi: 10.1111/dom.12439. Epub 2015 Feb 15.

Abstract

Hyperuricaemia is associated with an increased risk of gout, kidney stones and cardiovascular disease. The present post hoc analysis of pooled data from four placebo-controlled phase III studies assessed the effect of canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, on serum uric acid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and in a subset of patients with hyperuricaemia [defined as baseline serum uric acid ≥475 µmol/l (∼8 mg/dl)]. At week 26, canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg were associated with a ∼13% reduction in serum uric acid compared with placebo. In the subset of patients with hyperuricaemia, placebo-subtracted percent reductions in serum uric acid were similar to those in the overall cohort. More patients in the hyperuricaemic group achieved a serum uric acid level of <360 µmol/l (∼6 mg/dl) with both canagliflozin 100 mg (23.5%) and 300 mg (32.4%) compared with placebo (3.1%). Incidences of gout and kidney stones were low and similar across groups. In conclusion, canagliflozin treatment decreased serum uric acid in patients with T2DM, including those with baseline hyperuricaemia.

Keywords: SGLT2 inhibitor; canagliflozin; diabetes complications; drug mechanism; type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Canagliflozin / administration & dosage
  • Canagliflozin / adverse effects
  • Canagliflozin / therapeutic use*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Down-Regulation*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Gout / epidemiology
  • Gout / etiology
  • Gout / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Hyperuricemia / complications
  • Hyperuricemia / physiopathology
  • Hyperuricemia / prevention & control*
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / adverse effects
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Incidence
  • Kidney Calculi / epidemiology
  • Kidney Calculi / etiology
  • Kidney Calculi / prevention & control
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors*
  • Uric Acid / blood*

Substances

  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
  • Canagliflozin
  • Uric Acid