An open-label phase I/II study of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, and dexamethasone in newly diagnosed myeloma

Eur J Haematol. 2015 Nov;95(5):426-35. doi: 10.1111/ejh.12509. Epub 2015 Mar 12.

Abstract

We conducted a phase 1/2 trial evaluating the combination of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (CVDD) for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). The primary objective of the phase 1 was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of maximum planned dose (MPD) and the phase 2 was to assess the overall response rate. Patients received 6-8 cycles of CVDD at four dose levels. There were no dose-limiting toxicities. The MPD was cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m(2) IV on day 1, bortezomib 1.3 mg/m(2) IV on days 1, 4, 8, 11, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin 30 mg/m(2) IV on day 4, and dexamethasone 20 mg orally on the day of and after bortezomib (21-d cycle). Forty-nine patients were treated at the MPD of which 22% had high-risk myeloma. The most common grade ≥3 toxicities included myelosuppression, infection, and fatigue. Overall response and complete response rates were 91% and 26% in standard-risk, and 100% and 58% in high-risk cohort, respectively. After a median follow-up of 34 months, the median progression-free survival was 31.3 months. The 2-yr overall survival was 91.1% in the standard-risk and 88.9% in the high-risk cohort, respectively. CVDD regimen was well tolerated and was highly active in newly diagnosed MM.

Keywords: bortezomib; cyclophosphamide; multiple myeloma; pegylated liposomal doxorubicin.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Clinical Trial, Phase II
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Bortezomib / administration & dosage
  • Bortezomib / adverse effects
  • Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage
  • Cyclophosphamide / adverse effects
  • Dexamethasone / administration & dosage
  • Dexamethasone / adverse effects
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Doxorubicin / administration & dosage
  • Doxorubicin / adverse effects
  • Doxorubicin / analogs & derivatives
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / drug therapy*
  • Multiple Myeloma / mortality*
  • Polyethylene Glycols / administration & dosage
  • Polyethylene Glycols / adverse effects
  • Survival Rate

Substances

  • liposomal doxorubicin
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Bortezomib
  • Dexamethasone
  • Doxorubicin
  • Cyclophosphamide