Dexmedetomidine on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats: assessment by means of NGAL and histology

Ren Fail. 2015 Apr;37(3):526-30. doi: 10.3109/0886022X.2015.1006118. Epub 2015 Jan 23.

Abstract

Background: Ischemic acute kidney injury is a common occurrence in the perioperative period and in critical patients admitted to intensive care units. The reestablishment of blood supply may worsen injury through the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) mechanism. We investigated the effect of dexmedetomidine on the kidneys of rats subjected to an experimental I/R model.

Methods: 34 rats anesthetized with isoflurane was undergone right nephrectomy and randomly assigned to four groups: Control C (saline solution); Dexmedetomidine D (dexmedetomidine); Sham S (saline solution); Sham with Dexmedetomidine SD (dexmedetomidine). The serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were measured at time-points T1 (following stabilization), T2 (ischemia), T3 (reperfusion), T4 (12 h after of I/R). The kidneys were subjected to histological examination.

Results: The NGAL levels were significantly higher at T4 compared with T1. Upon histological examination, the left kidneys in groups C and D exhibited a similar extent of cell injury.

Conclusion: The levels of NGAL did not indicate either protection against or worsening of kidney injury. Histological examination for acute tubular necrosis showed that dexmedetomidine did not protect the kidneys from I/R.

Keywords: Histology; NGAL; ischemia; rat; reperfusion.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury* / blood
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / etiology
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / pathology
  • Acute-Phase Proteins
  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Dexmedetomidine / pharmacology*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Kidney Tubules / pathology*
  • Lipocalin-2
  • Lipocalins / blood*
  • Protective Agents / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / blood*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Reperfusion Injury* / blood
  • Reperfusion Injury* / pathology
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Acute-Phase Proteins
  • Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists
  • Lcn2 protein, rat
  • Lipocalin-2
  • Lipocalins
  • Protective Agents
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Dexmedetomidine