Glycemic control and use of A1c in primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Prim Care Diabetes. 2015 Oct;9(5):385-91. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2015.01.006. Epub 2015 Feb 14.

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the degree of glycemic control and its relationship with disease characteristics and antidiabetic treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), as well as the frequency of A1c use.

Methods: For this purpose, an observational, cross-sectorial, and multicenter study was performed. A total of 443 patients were monitored in 17 Spanish primary healthcare centers. Demographic and clinical variables were recorded from the clinical history of patients.

Results: Mean age was 68.9±12.0 years. Time of evolution of DM was 9.2±6.4 years. Mean A1c was 7.38±1.34% and 45% of patients achieved A1c <7%. There was a no significant relationship between the degree of control and time of evolution of DM. In 16% of patients no A1c determination was performed in the previous twelve months. In those patients in whom A1c was determined, 95% received pharmacologic treatment, and 31% insulin therapy. 66% of patients on monotherapy attained A1C <7%, compared with 39% and 23% of those receiving double- and triple-oral therapy, respectively (p<0.001). Only 21% of patients on insulin therapy achieved A1c <7%. The worst-controlled patients were those receiving oral antidiabetic agents and insulin (24% had A1c levels ≥9%).

Conclusions: A large proportion of patients are poorly controlled. Poor control increases according to complexity of treatment. A1c is underdetermined in many patients, likely related to clinical inertia.

Keywords: Glycated hemoglobin; Primary healthcare; Type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects*
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Insulin / administration & dosage
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Primary Health Care*
  • Spain
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin
  • hemoglobin A1c protein, human