Significant understaging is seen in clinically staged T2N0 esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy

Dis Esophagus. 2016 May;29(4):320-5. doi: 10.1111/dote.12334. Epub 2015 Feb 24.

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative staging on the treatment of clinical T2N0 (cT2N0) esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy. We reviewed a retrospective cohort of 27 patients treated at a single institution between 1999 and 2011. Clinical staging was performed with computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and endoscopic ultrasound. Patients were separated into two groups: neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery (NEOSURG) and surgery alone (SURG). There were 11 patients (41%) in the NEOSURG group and 16 patients (59%) in the SURG group. In the NEOSURG group, three of 11 patients (27%) had a pathological complete response and eight (73%) were partial or nonresponders after neoadjuvant therapy. In the SURG group, nine of 16 patients (56%) were understaged, 6 (38%) were overstaged, and 1 (6%) was correctly staged. In the entire cohort, despite being clinically node negative, 14 of 27 patients (52%) had node-positive disease (5/11 [45%] in the NEOSURG group, and 9/16 [56%] in the SURG group). Overall survival rate was not statistically significant between the two groups (P = 0.96). Many cT2N0 patients are clinically understaged and show no preoperative evidence of node-positive disease. Consequently, neoadjuvant therapy may have a beneficial role in treatment.

Keywords: chemotherapy; esophageal cancer; esophagectomy; neoadjuvant therapy; oesophageal cancer; radiation therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma* / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma* / pathology
  • Adenocarcinoma* / surgery
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant / methods
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Esophagectomy* / methods
  • Esophagectomy* / statistics & numerical data
  • Esophagoscopy / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
  • Positron-Emission Tomography / methods
  • Preoperative Period
  • Survival Rate
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods
  • United States / epidemiology