Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of a rapidly activatable prodrug of SN-38 for neuroblastoma therapy

Biomaterials. 2015 May:51:22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.075. Epub 2015 Feb 16.

Abstract

Nanomedicine-based strategies have the potential to improve therapeutic performance of a wide range of anticancer agents. However, the successful implementation of nanoparticulate delivery systems requires the development of adequately sized nanocarriers delivering their therapeutic cargo to the target in a protected, pharmacologically active form. The present studies focused on a novel nanocarrier-based formulation strategy for SN-38, a topoisomerase I inhibitor with proven anticancer potential, whose clinical application is compromised by toxicity, poor stability and incompatibility with conventional delivery vehicles. SN-38 encapsulated in biodegradable sub-100 nm sized nanoparticles (NP) in the form of its rapidly activatable prodrug derivative with tocopherol succinate potently inhibited the growth of neuroblastoma cells in a dose- and exposure time-dependent manner, exhibiting a delayed response pattern distinct from that of free SN-38. In a xenograft model of neuroblastoma, prodrug-loaded NP caused rapid regression of established large tumors, significantly delayed tumor regrowth after treatment cessation and markedly extended animal survival. The NP formulation strategy enabled by a reversible chemical modification of the drug molecule offers a viable means for SN-38 delivery achieving sustained intratumoral drug levels and contributing to the potency and extended duration of antitumor activity, both prerequisites for effective treatment of neuroblastoma and other cancers.

Keywords: Drug delivery; Nanoparticle; Neuroblastoma; Prodrug; Topoisomerase I inhibitor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Camptothecin / administration & dosage
  • Camptothecin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Camptothecin / chemistry
  • Camptothecin / pharmacology
  • Camptothecin / therapeutic use
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Drug Delivery Systems*
  • Humans
  • Irinotecan
  • Mice, Nude
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Neuroblastoma / drug therapy*
  • Neuroblastoma / pathology
  • Particle Size
  • Prodrugs / administration & dosage
  • Prodrugs / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • alpha-Tocopherol / chemistry
  • alpha-Tocopherol / pharmacology
  • alpha-Tocopherol / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Prodrugs
  • Irinotecan
  • alpha-Tocopherol
  • Camptothecin