Routine gastrostomy tube placement in children: Does preoperative screening upper gastrointestinal contrast study alter the operative plan?

J Pediatr Surg. 2015 May;50(5):715-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.02.022. Epub 2015 Feb 19.

Abstract

Background: Upper GI (UGI) studies are routinely ordered to screen for malrotation before routine placement of gastrostomy (G) tubes. However, the usefulness of this study is unknown.

Methods: A retrospective review of children with surgically placed G-tubes over a 2 year period (2011-2013) was performed. Patients with concomitant fundoplications were excluded.

Results: Three hundred ninety-three patients underwent G-tube placement. Of these, 299 patients (76%) had preoperative UGI, and 11 patients (3.7%) were identified with malrotation on UGI. Five (1.7%) patients underwent a Ladd's procedure. The remaining 6 either had malrotation associated with gastroschisis (n=5) or were lost to follow-up (n=1). Children <1 year did not have different rates of malrotation compared to older children (4.3% vs. 3.2%, p=0.617). Likewise, children with neurologic impairment (NI) had similar rates of malrotation compared to neurologically normal (NN) children (2.6% vs. 3.8%, p=0.692). The only significant difference in malrotation rate was between those with congenital gastrointestinal anomalies (24%) and those without (1.5%) (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Preoperative screening UGI before routine G-tube placement led to an unexpected diagnosis of malrotation in only 1.7%. Given the added radiation risk associated with an UGI, our data suggest that an UGI is unnecessary prior to routine G-tube placement. A larger prospective study is warranted to validate these results.

Keywords: gastrostomy tube; malrotation; pediatric surgery; preoperative screening; upper gastrointestinal contrast studies.

MeSH terms

  • Digestive System Abnormalities / diagnostic imaging
  • Digestive System Abnormalities / surgery*
  • Female
  • Fundoplication / methods*
  • Gastroschisis / diagnostic imaging
  • Gastroschisis / surgery*
  • Gastrostomy / methods*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Intestinal Volvulus / diagnostic imaging
  • Intestinal Volvulus / surgery*
  • Male
  • Preoperative Care / methods*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiography, Abdominal / methods*

Supplementary concepts

  • Volvulus Of Midgut