IgG4-related disease, retrospective histopathological diagnosis. Prevalence in a University Hospital

Reumatol Clin. 2015 Nov-Dec;11(6):335-9. doi: 10.1016/j.reuma.2014.12.007. Epub 2015 Mar 18.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: IgG4 related diseases (IgG4-RD) are characterized mainly by organic dysfunction and inflammation with lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study. We analyzed patients with a diagnosis of IgG4-RD through histopathologic registries. We divided the study into three phases: (i)extraction of data from the registries of the Pathology Department, including specimens reported with: non-specific inflammation with plasmatic cell infiltration, inflammatory pseudo-tumors and storiform fibrosis, and excluding any report of cancer or infection; (ii)from the selected specimens, three pathologists microscopically re-analyzed these biopsies and included only those who had at least two of the inclusion criteria cited above; (iii)finally, immunostaining was performed in the specimens selected in the second phase. The selected biopsies were catalogued as compatible for IgG4-RD if they had at least 3 inclusion criteria and as probable if they had 2 inclusion criteria.

Results: On the first phase of the study we analyzed 23,720 biopsies, from which we included 71 and excluded 29 specimens; the rest of the specimens (n=41) underwent immunostaining. From the biopsies included, 41.4% (n=17/71) were positive to IgG4, with the most common histological diagnosis for the positive specimens being granulomatous mastitis, which represented 12.1% of the specimens catalogued initially as probable. The rest of the positive biopsies were from aortitis, dacrioadenitis and/or sialoadenitis, lung pseudo-inflammatory tumor, pericarditis and chronic pancreatitis.

Conclusions: The suspicion of IgG4 related disease should not be based solely on clinical manifestations or serology. In the present study we confirm the characteristic changes of IgG4-RD in patients without initial clinical suspicion.

Keywords: Chronic sialoadenitis; Enfermedades relacionadas con IgG4; Granulomatous mastitis; IgG4 related disease; Inflammatory tumor; Mastitis granulomatosa; Sialodenitis crónica; Tumor inflamatorio.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Autoimmune Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Autoimmune Diseases / epidemiology
  • Autoimmune Diseases / immunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases / pathology*
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Biopsy
  • Child
  • Female
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Mexico
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Immunoglobulin G