Serum levels of adipocytokines in psoriasis patients receiving tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors: results of a retrospective analysis

Int J Dermatol. 2015 Jul;54(7):839-45. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12706. Epub 2015 Apr 15.

Abstract

Background: Adipocytokines are bioactive molecules that are deeply involved in the occurrence of atherosclerosis, obesity, and autoimmune inflammatory diseases.

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors on serum levels of adipocytokines in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis.

Methods: Serum levels of adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, leptin, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated in sera obtained from 47 patients with psoriasis, both at baseline and after they had received TNF-α inhibitors for 24 weeks. Equivalent data were obtained for 39 control subjects matched by age, sex, body mass index, waist : hip ratio, geographical origin, Mediterranean dietary habits, and smoking habits.

Results: At baseline, mean serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, resistin, and visfatin were higher in the psoriasis group than in healthy controls; these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conversely, mean serum levels of adiponectin were significantly lower in patients with psoriasis than in controls (P < 0.0001). Serum levels of adipocytokines did not linearly correlate with anthropometric indices in psoriasis patients (P > 0.05), except in the case of leptin, for which serum levels were related to waist : hip ratio in both men and women (P < 0.05). After 24 weeks of treatment, although serum levels of proinflammatory adipocytokines were decreased, only that of leptin showed a statistically significant reduction (P = 0.0003). Serum levels of adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipocytokine, were only mildly increased and persisted at a significantly lower level than in healthy controls (P > 0.005).

Conclusions: Patients with psoriasis show an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines, which is reduced but not normalized after administration of TNF-α inhibitors for 24 weeks. This partial rebalancing seems to be mainly related to a reduction in proinflammatory adipocytokines, rather than an increase in anti-inflammatory adipocytokines.

MeSH terms

  • Adalimumab / therapeutic use
  • Adipokines / blood*
  • Adiponectin / blood
  • Adult
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / therapeutic use*
  • Body Mass Index
  • Body Weight
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Etanercept / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-6 / blood*
  • Leptin / blood
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / blood
  • Psoriasis / blood*
  • Psoriasis / drug therapy*
  • Resistin / blood
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / blood*
  • Waist-Hip Ratio

Substances

  • Adipokines
  • Adiponectin
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Interleukin-6
  • Leptin
  • Resistin
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase
  • Adalimumab
  • Etanercept