Effects of radiation dose reduction in Volume Perfusion CT imaging of acute ischemic stroke

Eur Radiol. 2015 Dec;25(12):3415-22. doi: 10.1007/s00330-015-3763-7. Epub 2015 Apr 23.

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the influence of radiation dose reduction on image quality and sensitivity of Volume Perfusion CT (VPCT) maps regarding the detection of ischemic brain lesions.

Methods and materials: VPCT data of 20 patients with suspected ischemic stroke acquired at 80 kV and 180 mAs were included. Using realistic reduced-dose simulation, low-dose VPCT datasets with 144 mAs, 108 mAs, 72 mAs and 36 mAs (80 %, 60 %, 40 % and 20 % of the original levels) were generated, resulting in a total of 100 datasets. Perfusion maps were created and signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) measurements were performed. Qualitative analyses were conducted by two blinded readers, who also assessed the presence/absence of ischemic lesions and scored CBV and CBF maps using a modified ASPECTS-score.

Results: SNR of all low-dose datasets were significantly lower than those of the original datasets (p < .05). All datasets down to 72 mAs (40 %) yielded sufficient image quality and high sensitivity with excellent inter-observer-agreements, whereas 36 mAs datasets (20 %) yielded poor image quality in 15 % of the cases with lower sensitivity and inter-observer-agreements.

Conclusion: Low-dose VPCT using decreased tube currents down to 72 mAs (40 % of original radiation dose) produces sufficient perfusion maps for the detection of ischemic brain lesions.

Key points: • Perfusion CT is highly accurate for the detection of ischemic brain lesions • Perfusion CT results in high radiation exposure, therefore low-dose protocols are required • Reduction of tube current down to 72 mAs produces sufficient perfusion maps.

Keywords: Low dose perfusion CT, Perfusion CT, Perfusion imaging, Radiation dose; Stroke.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Brain / blood supply
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Observer Variation
  • Radiation Dosage*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Signal-To-Noise Ratio
  • Stroke / diagnostic imaging*