The response of Ω-loop D dynamics to truncation of trimethyllysine 72 of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c depends on the nature of loop deformation

J Biol Inorg Chem. 2015 Jul;20(5):805-19. doi: 10.1007/s00775-015-1267-1. Epub 2015 May 7.

Abstract

Trimethyllysine 72 (tmK72) has been suggested to play a role in sterically constraining the heme crevice dynamics of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c mediated by the Ω-loop D cooperative substructure (residues 70-85). A tmK72A mutation causes a gain in peroxidase activity, a function of cytochrome c that is important early in apoptosis. More than one higher energy state is accessible for the Ω-loop D substructure via tier 0 dynamics. Two of these are alkaline conformers mediated by Lys73 and Lys79. In the current work, the effect of the tmK72A mutation on the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of wild-type iso-1-cytochrome c (yWT versus WT*) and on variants carrying a K73H mutation (yWT/K73H versus WT*/K73H) is studied. Whereas the tmK72A mutation confers increased peroxidase activity in wild-type yeast iso-1-cytochrome c and increased dynamics for formation of a previously studied His79-heme alkaline conformer, the tmK72A mutation speeds return of the His73-heme alkaline conformer to the native state through destabilization of the His73-heme alkaline conformer relative to the native conformer. These opposing behaviors demonstrate that the response of the dynamics of a protein substructure to mutation depends on the nature of the perturbation to the substructure. For a protein substructure which mediates more than one function of a protein through multiple non-native structures, a mutation could change the partitioning between these functions. The current results suggest that the tier 0 dynamics of Ω-loop D that mediates peroxidase activity has similarities to the tier 0 dynamics required to form the His79-heme alkaline conformer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Cytochromes c / chemistry
  • Cytochromes c / metabolism*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Lysine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Lysine / chemistry
  • Lysine / genetics
  • Lysine / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / chemistry*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism
  • Sodium Chloride / chemistry
  • Sodium Chloride / metabolism
  • Thermodynamics*

Substances

  • trimethyllysine
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Cytochromes c
  • Lysine