Testing Clinical Scores to Diagnose Incident Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients Hospitalized in a Department of Medicine: Can Biomarkers Improve Accuracy?

Angiology. 2016 Mar;67(3):245-51. doi: 10.1177/0003319715586289. Epub 2015 May 19.

Abstract

Shifting the context from the emergency department to the department of medicine, we compared different scores to diagnose deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with several comorbidities, hospitalized in a department of internal medicine. We prospectively recruited 178 consecutive hospitalized patients in whom clinical suspicion of DVT was assessed by Wells modified score for DVT, Hamilton, Kahn, and St Andrè Hospital scores. Deep vein thrombosis was confirmed in 85 (48%) patients by both echocolor Doppler and angiocomputed tomography scan. The use of risk scores based on symptoms and clinical signs was weakly useful (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.69, positive predictive value: 59%, and negative predictive value: 74%). Patients with DVT had significantly (P < .0001) lower serum albumin and protein S levels compared to those without DVT. Moreover, serum protein S (AUC: 0.82) and albumin in percentage (AUC: 0.80) showed a better accuracy than clinical scores (P < .001) in assessing the diagnosis of DVT. Therefore, serum albumin and protein S improved the accuracy of clinical scores for the diagnosis of incident DVT in patients hospitalized in a department of medicine.

Keywords: deep vein thrombosis; hypoalbuminemia; protein S; risk score; venous thromboembolism.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Area Under Curve
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Comorbidity
  • Decision Support Techniques*
  • Female
  • Hospital Departments*
  • Hospitalization*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Phlebography / methods
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Protein S / analysis
  • ROC Curve
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Risk Factors
  • Serum Albumin / analysis
  • Serum Albumin, Human
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
  • Venous Thrombosis / blood
  • Venous Thrombosis / diagnosis*
  • Venous Thrombosis / epidemiology

Substances

  • ALB protein, human
  • Biomarkers
  • Protein S
  • Serum Albumin
  • Serum Albumin, Human