Thirty depressed outpatients poorly responsive to various non-MAOI antidepressants had fluoxetine added to their regimens. Retrospective analysis revealed that 26 (86.7%) of the patients improved. Non-MAOI antidepressant treatment was withdrawn for 12 of the 26 responders; of these, 8 relapsed on fluoxetine treatment alone but recovered when treatment with the discontinued non-MAOI agent was restarted.