Vascular complications in steroid treated patients undergoing transfemoral aortic valve implantation

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2016 Feb 1;87(2):341-6. doi: 10.1002/ccd.26014. Epub 2015 May 23.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the rate of Vascular complications in steroid treated patients undergoing transfemoral aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Background: Steroid therapy has been associated with increased post-surgical bleeding. Vascular complications are a major concern in patients undergoing TAVI. However, the effect of corticosteroids on vascular complications has not been assessed in these patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 220 consecutive patients undergoing transfemoral TAVI at our institute between 2009 and 2013. Patients who were on steroids at the time of the procedure (n = 25) were compared with those who were not (n = 195).

Results: Baseline characteristics between groups were similar except for greater incidence of chronic renal failure (52 vs. 25%, P = 0.05) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (50.3 vs. 55.8%, P = 0.037) in the steroid group. The rate of procedural success and nonvascular complication were similar in both groups with the exception of more temporary AV block in the steroid group (24 vs. 8%, P = 0.016). Patients treated with steroids had significantly more minor vascular complication (44 vs. 23%, P = 0.024), and significantly more femoral artery stenosis (16 vs. 5%, P = 0.036), occlusion (8 vs. 1%, P = 0.014), need for femoral artery percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) (32 vs. 12%, P = 0.009), and femoral artery PTA or stenting (32% vs. 15%, P = 0.031). On multivariate analysis steroid treatment was the only predictor of minor vascular complications (RR=2.65, 95% CI 1.04-6.8, P = 0.042).

Conclusions: Concurrent corticosteroid treatment is associated with a higher rate of minor vascular complication following transfemoral TAVI. Operators should be aware of this risk when assessing patients for the procedure.

Keywords: aortic valve disease; complications; drug-drugs/pharmacotherapy; percutaneous intervention; percutaneous valve therapy; vascular access.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnosis
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / mortality
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / therapy*
  • Aortic Valve* / physiopathology
  • Cardiac Catheterization / adverse effects*
  • Cardiac Catheterization / instrumentation
  • Cardiac Catheterization / methods
  • Cardiac Catheterization / mortality
  • Catheterization, Peripheral / adverse effects*
  • Catheterization, Peripheral / methods
  • Catheterization, Peripheral / mortality
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Female
  • Femoral Artery*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / instrumentation
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / methods
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / mortality
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Steroids / adverse effects*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Diseases / diagnosis
  • Vascular Diseases / etiology*
  • Vascular Diseases / mortality

Substances

  • Steroids