A Multidrug-resistant Engineered CAR T Cell for Allogeneic Combination Immunotherapy

Mol Ther. 2015 Sep;23(9):1507-18. doi: 10.1038/mt.2015.104. Epub 2015 Jun 10.

Abstract

The adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell represents a highly promising strategy to fight against multiple cancers. The clinical outcome of such therapies is intimately linked to the ability of effector cells to engraft, proliferate, and specifically kill tumor cells within patients. When allogeneic CAR T-cell infusion is considered, host versus graft and graft versus host reactions must be avoided to prevent rejection of adoptively transferred cells, host tissue damages and to elicit significant antitumoral outcome. This work proposes to address these three requirements through the development of multidrug-resistant T cell receptor αβ-deficient CAR T cells. We demonstrate that these engineered T cells displayed efficient antitumor activity and proliferated in the presence of purine and pyrimidine nucleoside analogues, currently used in clinic as preconditioning lymphodepleting regimens. The absence of TCRαβ at their cell surface along with their purine nucleotide analogues-resistance properties could prevent their alloreactivity and enable them to resist to lymphodepleting regimens that may be required to avoid their ablation via HvG reaction. By providing a basic framework to develop a universal T cell compatible with allogeneic adoptive transfer, this work is laying the foundation stone of the large-scale utilization of CAR T-cell immunotherapies.

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, CD19 / genetics
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy* / methods
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
  • Deoxycytidine Kinase / deficiency
  • Deoxycytidine Kinase / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple / genetics*
  • Gene Expression
  • Gene Silencing
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / adverse effects
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / methods
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Lymphocyte Activation / genetics
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / genetics*
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / metabolism
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / deficiency
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • Transplantation, Homologous

Substances

  • Antigens, CD19
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Deoxycytidine Kinase