Cytotoxic and immunogenic mechanisms of recombinant oncolytic poliovirus

Curr Opin Virol. 2015 Aug:13:81-5. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.05.007. Epub 2015 Jun 12.

Abstract

An oncolytic virus (OV) based on poliovirus (PV), the highly attenuated polio/rhinovirus recombinant PVSRIPO, may deliver targeted inflammatory cancer cell killing; a principle that is showing promise in clinical trials for recurrent glioblastoma (GBM). The two decisive factors in PVSRIPO anti-tumor efficacy are selective cytotoxicity and its in situ immunogenic imprint. While our work is focused on what constitutes PVSRIPO cancer cytotoxicity, we are also studying how this engenders host immune responses that are vital to tumor regression. We hypothesize that PVSRIPO cytotoxicity and immunogenicity are inextricably linked in essential, complimentary roles that define the anti-neoplastic response. Herein we delineate mechanisms we unraveled to decipher the basis for PVSRIPO cytotoxicity and its immunotherapeutic potential.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Glioblastoma / immunology*
  • Glioblastoma / therapy*
  • Glioblastoma / virology
  • Humans
  • Oncolytic Virotherapy
  • Oncolytic Viruses / genetics
  • Oncolytic Viruses / immunology*
  • Oncolytic Viruses / physiology
  • Poliovirus / genetics
  • Poliovirus / immunology*
  • Poliovirus / physiology