Structure and anticancer activity in vitro of sulfated galactofucan from brown alga Alaria angusta

Carbohydr Polym. 2015 Nov 5:132:118-25. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.020. Epub 2015 Jun 14.

Abstract

Laminaran and three fractions of fucoidan were isolated from brown alga Alaria angusta. The laminaran AaL was characterized as a typical 1,3;1,6-β-D-glucan (ratio of bonds 1,3:1,6 = 10:1). Fucoidans AaF1 and AaF2 are sulfated heteropolysaccharides, containing fucose, galactose, mannose and xylose. The fraction AaF3 is sulfated and acetylated galactofucan with the main chain represented by a repeating unit → 3)-α-L-Fucp-(2,4-SO3(-))-(1 →. According the data of methylation analysis, AaF3 contains mainly 1,3-linked fucose, less 1,4-linked and 1,4,6-linked galactose residues. The autohydrolysis (37 °C) of fucoidan AaF3 allowed to obtain selectively 2-desulfaled polysaccharide fraction, built up of fucose only, and low molecular weight (LMW) fraction. The negative-ion tandem mass spectrometry of LMW fraction, further hydrolyzed by acid hydrolysis identified the following fragments: Gal-2-SO3(-)-(1 → 4)-Gal, Gal-4-SO3(-)-(1 → 4)-Gal, Gal-(1 → 2)-Gal-4-SO3(-), Fuc-2-SO3(-)-(1 → 4)-Gal, Gal-2-SO3(-)-(1 → 3)-Fuc-(1 → 3)-Fuc, Fuc-2-SO3(-)-(1 → 3)-Fuc-(1 → 4)-Gal. The laminaran AaL and the fucoidan AaF3 exhibited no cytotoxicity in vitro for HT 29, T-47D, and SK-MEL-28 cell lines. The AaF3 fraction suppressed colony formation of HT 29 and T-47D cells, AaL-only HT 29 cells.

Keywords: Anticancer activity; Brown alga; Depolymerization; Fucoidan; Structure.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / isolation & purification
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Glucans / chemistry*
  • Glucans / isolation & purification
  • Glucans / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Phaeophyceae / chemistry*
  • Polysaccharides / chemistry*
  • Polysaccharides / isolation & purification
  • Polysaccharides / pharmacology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Glucans
  • Polysaccharides
  • laminaran
  • fucoidan