Platelet reactivity and hemorrhage risk in neurointerventional procedures under dual antiplatelet therapy

J Neurointerv Surg. 2016 Sep;8(9):949-53. doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-011844. Epub 2015 Aug 21.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Hemorrhagic complications during neurointerventional procedures have various etiologies and can result in severe morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the possible association between low platelet reactivity measured by the VerifyNow assay and increased hemorrhagic complications during elective neurointervention under dual antiplatelet therapy.

Methods: From May 2010 to April 2013 we recorded baseline characteristics, P2Y12 reaction units (PRU), and aspirin reaction units using VerifyNow. The primary endpoint was post-procedural hemorrhagic complications.

Results: A total of 279 patients were enrolled and 31 major hemorrhagic complications (11.1%) were identified. From receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, PRU values could discriminate between patients with and without major hemorrhagic complications (area under the curve 0.63). Aspirin reaction unit values had no association with the primary outcome. The optimal cut-off for the primary outcome (PRU ≤175) was used to identify the low platelet reactivity group. The incidence of hemorrhagic complications was 20.0% in this group and 8.9% in the non-low platelet reactivity group. Multivariate analysis identified low platelet reactivity as an independent predictor for hemorrhagic complications.

Conclusions: The risk of hemorrhagic complications during elective neurointervention including cerebral aneurysm coil embolization and carotid artery stenting under dual antiplatelet therapy is associated with the response to clopidogrel but not to aspirin. A PRU value of ≤175 discriminates between patients with and without hemorrhagic complications. Future prospective studies are required to validate whether a specific PRU value around 170-180 is predictive of hemorrhagic complications.

Keywords: Drug; Hemorrhage; Intervention; Pharmacology.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aspirin / adverse effects
  • Aspirin / therapeutic use
  • Carotid Stenosis / therapy*
  • Clopidogrel
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Embolization, Therapeutic*
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced*
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / drug therapy
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Platelet Activation / drug effects*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Platelet Function Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • ROC Curve
  • Risk
  • Stents*
  • Ticlopidine / adverse effects
  • Ticlopidine / analogs & derivatives
  • Ticlopidine / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Clopidogrel
  • Ticlopidine
  • Aspirin