Objective: To explore the safe method with anhydrous ethanol injection in the treatment of venous malformation.
Methods: A total of 96 patients with venous malformation were conducted anhydrous ethanol injection for 245 times through percutaneous puncture by three-point method. The complications were observed. In animal experiment, according to the different concentrations of anhydrous ethanol injection, rats were divided into an anhydrous ethanol group, a 75% ethanol group, a 50% ethanol group and a 25% ethanol group (n=5 in each group), and the damage of vessels after ethanol injection was observed.
Results: The successful rate for three-point ethanol injection was 88%. The incidence for both skin ulcer and numbness was 0.9% without severe complications in lung and heart. In the animal experiments, the entire vessel wall including outer membrane was damaged in the anhydrous ethanol group. Part of vessel walls, including the inner membrane and muscle layer, were damaged in both the 75% ethanol group and the 50% ethanol group. However, there was no damage in the vessels in the 25% ethanol group.
Conclusion: With the decrease in ethanol concentration, the vascular damage is decreased and eventually disappeared. Three-point anhydrous ethanol injection is safe and effective.
目的：探讨安全使用无水乙醇注射治疗静脉畸形的方法。方法：临床上通过采用3点法对96例静脉畸形患者进行245次经皮穿刺血管内注射无水乙醇，并观察并发症；动物模型试验根据脉管内注射乙醇的浓度不同，将大鼠分为无水乙醇组(n=5)、75%乙醇组(n=5)、50%乙醇组(n=5)、25%乙醇组(n=5)，观察乙醇注射后脉管损伤情况。 结果：三点法注射成功率为88%，皮肤溃破率和皮肤麻木发生率均为0.9%，未发生心肺严重并发症；动物模型试验中，无水乙醇组包含外膜在内的血管壁均全层破坏，75%乙醇组和50%乙醇组均有包含血管内膜及肌层在内的部分血管壁破坏，25%乙醇组血管内膜完好。结论：乙醇对脉管的破坏作用随着浓度的降低而减少并最终消失，三针法注射无水乙醇安全、有效。.