Phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas: A difference in disease behaviour and clinical outcomes

J Surg Oncol. 2015 Oct;112(5):486-91. doi: 10.1002/jso.24030. Epub 2015 Sep 4.

Abstract

Background: Phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas arise from the same chromaffin cell, but evidence suggests they do not represent a single clinical entity. The aim of this study was to compare clinical presentations, outcomes of surgical and oncological treatments and survival in patients with phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas.

Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of all patients treated for these conditions at our centre between 1983 and 2012.

Results: One hundred and six patients (88 adults, 18 children) with phaeochromocytoma (n = 83) or paraganglioma (n = 23) were studied. Catecholamine symptoms and incidentalomas were the main presentations in phaeochromocytoma patients (67% and 17%) respectively, but in those with paragangliomas pain (39%) was more common (P < 0.001). More paragangliomas were malignant (14/23 vs 9/83, P < 0.0001), larger (9.17 ± 4.95 cm vs. 5.8 ± 3.44 cm, P = 0.001) and had a higher rate of conversion to open surgery (P = <0.01), more R2 resections, more postoperative complications and a longer hospital stay (P = 0.014). MIBG uptake in malignant paragangliomas was lower than in malignant phaeochromocytomas (36% vs. 100%, P = 0.002) and disease stabilisation was achieved in 29% and 86% of patients respectively. (90) Y-DOTA-octreotate had a 78% response rate in malignant paragangliomas.

Conclusion: The clinical differences between paragangliomas and phaeochromocytomas support the view that they should be considered as separate clinical entities.

Keywords: adrenalectomy; laparoscopy; malignancy; paraganglioma; phaeochromocytoma; radio-targeted therapy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • 3-Iodobenzylguanidine / pharmacokinetics
  • Adolescent
  • Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / therapy
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Child
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / pharmacokinetics
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Organometallic Compounds / pharmacokinetics
  • Paraganglioma / diagnostic imaging
  • Paraganglioma / mortality*
  • Paraganglioma / pathology*
  • Paraganglioma / therapy
  • Pheochromocytoma / diagnostic imaging
  • Pheochromocytoma / mortality*
  • Pheochromocytoma / pathology*
  • Pheochromocytoma / therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Radionuclide Imaging
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / pharmacokinetics
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Tissue Distribution
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Heterocyclic Compounds
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • yttrium(III)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclotetradecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid
  • 3-Iodobenzylguanidine