Early rehabilitative therapy is important for patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage to improve long-term function of the extremities. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is closely associated with the pathogenesis of hypertension. To identify the markers contributing to the genetic susceptibility to hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage (HCH) and rehabilitative treatment, we examined the potential association between HCH and 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms of the VEGF gene. Participants included 244 patients with HCH and 251 healthy controls from our rehabilitation department. The T allelic frequencies of the rs3025020 (intron 6) and rs3025039 (3'-UTR) polymorphisms were significantly higher in the patients with HCH than in the healthy controls (rs3025020 T allele: P = 0.0002, OR = 1.619, 95%CI = 1.256-2.088; rs3025039 T allele: P = 0.001, OR = 1.682, 95%CI = 1.246-2.270). Strong linkage disequilibrium was observed in three blocks (D' > 0.9), and significantly more C-G-C (rs3025020, rs3025030, and rs3025039) haplotypes (P = 0.001) were found in the controls in block 3. Significantly more T-G-C haplotypes were found in the patients with HCH (P = 0.046). Further genotype and clinical phenotype correlation study of the rs3025039 carriers showed that Fugl-Meyer and Barthel index scores were lower in the patients with the TT genotype relative to CT + CC genotypes (P < 0.01). These findings point to a role for VEGF polymorphism in HCH, and may be informative for future investigations on the pathogenesis of rehabilitative treatment.