Automated drug dispensing systems in the intensive care unit: a financial analysis

Crit Care. 2015 Sep 9;19(1):318. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-1041-3.

Abstract

Introduction: To evaluate the economic impact of automated-drug dispensing systems (ADS) in surgical intensive care units (ICUs). A financial analysis was conducted in three adult ICUs of one university hospital, where ADS were implemented, one in each unit, to replace the traditional floor stock system.

Method: Costs were estimated before and after implementation of the ADS on the basis of floor stock inventories, expired drugs, and time spent by nurses and pharmacy technicians on medication-related work activities. A financial analysis was conducted that included operating cash flows, investment cash flows, global cash flow and net present value.

Results: After ADS implementation, nurses spent less time on medication-related activities with an average of 14.7 hours saved per day/33 beds. Pharmacy technicians spent more time on floor-stock activities with an average of 3.5 additional hours per day across the three ICUs. The cost of drug storage was reduced by €44,298 and the cost of expired drugs was reduced by €14,772 per year across the three ICUs. Five years after the initial investment, the global cash flow was €148,229 and the net present value of the project was positive by €510,404.

Conclusion: The financial modeling of the ADS implementation in three ICUs showed a high return on investment for the hospital. Medication-related costs and nursing time dedicated to medications are reduced with ADS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Automation / economics
  • Automation / methods
  • Cost Savings
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis
  • Hospital Costs / statistics & numerical data
  • Hospitals, University / economics
  • Hospitals, University / organization & administration
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units / economics*
  • Intensive Care Units / organization & administration
  • Medication Systems, Hospital / economics*
  • Medication Systems, Hospital / organization & administration