Maternal-fetal attachment in blind women using physical model from three-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance scan data: six serious cases

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016;29(14):2229-32. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1085015. Epub 2015 Sep 15.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) in six blind pregnant women by means three-dimensional (3D) physical models from 3D ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan data.

Methods: We performed a prospective observational cross-sectional study with six blind pregnant women who performed 3D ultrasound and MRI exams to build 3D physical models for their fetuses. The MFA was assessed quantitatively by means a questionnaire of three questions, each one with a score ranging from 0 to 3. We considered MFA values ≥ 7 to each pregnant woman. The descriptive data were expressed by mean ± standard deviation (SD).

Results: The mean (±SD) maternal age was 32 ± 2.7 years. The mean gestational age at 3DUS and MRI exams were 23.1 ± 3.7 and 21.3 ± 0.9 weeks, respectively. The mean of gestational age at delivery was 36.5 ± 4.7 weeks and all of them were cesarean sections. The mean newborn weight was 2615.8 ± 871.9 g and the gender was 50% both female and male. The MFA was quantitatively observed in all pregnant women, with maximum value (9) in all of them.

Conclusion: The MFA was quantitatively observed in all blind pregnant women using 3D physical models.

Keywords: Blind pregnant women; magnetic resonance imaging; maternal–fetal attachment; physical model; three-dimensional ultrasound.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blindness*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Models, Anatomic*
  • Object Attachment*
  • Pregnancy
  • Prospective Studies
  • Ultrasonography, Prenatal