Prospective evaluation of an algorithm for the phenotypic screening of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016 Jan;71(1):135-40. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkv308. Epub 2015 Oct 12.

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the performance of an algorithm based on the disc diffusion method for the screening of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) referred to the French National Reference Centre for Antibiotic Resistance.

Methods: From April to June 2014, all isolates of Enterobacteriaceae referred to the French National Reference Centre for Antibiotic Resistance were included. The inhibition zone diameters of imipenem, ticarcillin/clavulanate and temocillin using EUCAST disc diffusion methodology were recorded. All isolates were subjected to the algorithm proposed by the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CA-SFM) for the screening of carbapenemase producers. Phenotypic, biochemical and molecular detection of carbapenemases was performed for all isolates.

Results: A total of 621 consecutive enterobacterial isolates with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems were tested. They included 213 CPE [OXA-48-like (n = 183), NDM (n = 22), VIM (n = 3), KPC (n = 3) and OXA-48-like + NDM (n = 2)] and 408 non-carbapenemase producers. The CA-SFM algorithm combining cut-off values of 15 mm, 15 mm and 22 mm for ticarcillin/clavulanate, temocillin and imipenem, respectively, perfectly detected 204 isolates (32.8%) as non-carbapenemase producers, leading to a negative predictive value of 100% for this algorithm.

Conclusions: Implementation of the CA-SFM algorithm in clinical microbiology laboratories may avoid additional testing for CPE in one-third of the enterobacterial isolates with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems.

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacterial Proteins / analysis*
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests / methods*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / drug effects
  • Enterobacteriaceae / enzymology*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / isolation & purification*
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / microbiology*
  • France
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Mass Screening / organization & administration
  • Prospective Studies
  • beta-Lactamases / analysis*
  • beta-Lactamases / genetics
  • beta-Lactams / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • beta-Lactams
  • beta-Lactamases
  • carbapenemase