Physiological adaptations following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and the identification of targets for bariatric mimetic pharmacotherapy

Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2015 Dec:25:23-9. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2015.09.012. Epub 2015 Oct 20.

Abstract

The present opinion article provides an overview of the key improvements in metabolic and cardiovascular health following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB). Some clinically important long-term complications of RYGB are also briefly described to contextualise the potential value of finding selective non-surgical means of replicating only the beneficial aspects of RYGB. Three biological responses linked to changes in gastrointestinal tract structure and function post-RYGB, that are implicated in the clinical efficacy of RYGB and that have actual or potential applications as non-surgical mimetic based approaches are addressed. These are (1) exaggerated post-prandial gut hormone responses; (2) local increases in undiluted bile in the gut lumen and augmented circulating bile acid and FGF19 concentrations and (3) compositional changes in the gut microbiota.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Physiological / drug effects*
  • Adaptation, Physiological / physiology
  • Bile Acids and Salts / blood
  • Bile Acids and Salts / metabolism
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors / metabolism
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors / pharmacology
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors / therapeutic use*
  • Gastric Bypass* / adverse effects
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects*
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / metabolism*
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / pharmacology
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / surgery
  • Peptide Fragments / pharmacology
  • Peptide Fragments / therapeutic use*
  • Peptide YY / pharmacology
  • Peptide YY / therapeutic use*
  • Postprandial Period / drug effects

Substances

  • Bile Acids and Salts
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Peptide YY
  • peptide YY (3-36)
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1