GATA6 is overexpressed in breast cancer and promotes breast cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition by upregulating slug expression

Exp Mol Pathol. 2015 Dec;99(3):617-27. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.10.005. Epub 2015 Oct 23.

Abstract

Metastasis is the leading cause of death in breast cancer (BC) patients. However, until now, the mechanisms of BC metastasis remain elusive. GATA6 is a member of the GATA transcription factor family that plays critical regulatory roles in tissue development, which has been proposed as an oncogene in many types of tumors; however, its role and underlying mechanisms in BC remain unclear. Here we show that GATA6 is elevated in BC and its expression level is positively correlated with metastasis. In addition Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high expression of GATA6 was associated with decreased overall survival of BC patients. Overexpression of GATA6 in BC cells increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In contrast, silencing GATA6 in aggressive BC cells inhibited this process. Mechanistically, we found GATA6 exerts its function through active slug transcription. Slug knockdown blocked the GATA6-driven EMT. Furthermore, slug expression in human BC is positively correlated with GATA6 expression. Our results, for the first time, portray a pivotal role of GATA6 in regulating metastatic behaviors of BC cells, suggesting GATA6 is a potential therapeutic target in metastatic BCs.

Keywords: Breast cancer; EMT; GATA6; Slug.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blotting, Western
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / physiology*
  • Female
  • GATA6 Transcription Factor / biosynthesis*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Mice
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Snail Family Transcription Factors
  • Transcription Factors / biosynthesis*
  • Transfection
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • GATA6 Transcription Factor
  • GATA6 protein, human
  • SNAI1 protein, human
  • Snai2 protein, mouse
  • Snail Family Transcription Factors
  • Transcription Factors