Risk of Respiratory Complications in Obese Liver Transplant Patients: A Study of 343 Patients

Transplant Proc. 2015 Oct;47(8):2385-7. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.08.034.

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a risk factor that increases the number of complications after orthotopic liver transplantation (LT). We sought to analyze the short-term respiratory complications in obese LT recipients and compare them with a control group of nonobese patients.

Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of LT patients in a hospital in the southeast of Spain (2007-2013), selecting the study cases using a body mass index (BMI) of >30 kg/m(2) and a control group (BMI < 30). Study variables were age, sex, indication for LT, demographic and clinical variables, respiratory complications during the first postoperative month, and mortality rate secondary to respiratory disease.

Results: Of the 343 LT recipients, 74 were obese (21.6%): 59 patients had a BMI between 30 and 35 (grade I obesity) and among them, 5% presented with respiratory complications, with a 33% mortality rate. Fifteen patients had a BMI of >35 (obesity grade II), and 20% presented with respiratory complications, with a 33% mortality rate. In the control group (n = 30), 17% experienced respiratory complications and there was a 20% mortality rate. There were no differences in respiratory complications between the obese and nonobese groups, or the different kinds of obesity (P > .05).

Conclusions: There were no differences in short-term respiratory complications between obese LT recipients and those with a normal weight.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Body Mass Index
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / epidemiology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / surgery*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Comorbidity
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / epidemiology
  • Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / surgery*
  • Liver Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Liver Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Liver Transplantation*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Pneumonia / epidemiology*
  • Pneumonia / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Pulmonary Edema / epidemiology*
  • Pulmonary Edema / mortality
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / epidemiology*
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / mortality
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Spain / epidemiology