This self-directed learning module highlights new advances in prosthetics. It is part of the chapter on prosthetics, orthotics, and assistive devices for the Self-Directed Medical Knowledge Program Study Guide for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. This section contains information regarding conventional and myoelectric upper limb prosthetics, above-knee (AK) socket designs and materials, and foot and ankle systems. New advances that are covered in this section include the narrow medial-lateral AK socket, the flexible AK socket, and new prosthetic foot and ankle systems. Proper understanding and clinical application of this technology is essential for the optimal prosthetic rehabilitation of the amputee.