Inhibition of endopeptidase and exopeptidase activity of cathepsin B impairs extracellular matrix degradation and tumour invasion

Biol Chem. 2016 Jan 1;397(2):165-74. doi: 10.1515/hsz-2015-0236.

Abstract

Cathepsin B is a lysosomal cysteine protease that is implicated in a number of physiological processes, including protein turnover in lysosomes. Changes in its expression are associated with a variety of pathological processes, including cancer. Due to the structural feature, termed the occluding loop, cathepsin B differs from other cysteine proteases in possessing both, endopeptidase and exopeptidase activity. Here we investigated the impact of both cathepsin B activities on intracellular and extracellular collagen IV degradation and tumour cell invasion using new selective synthetic inhibitors, 2-{[(8-hydroxy-5-nitroquinoline-7-yl)methyl]amino}-acetonitrile (1), 8-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-nitroquinoline (2) and 7-[(4-methylpiperidin-1yl)methyl]-5-nitroquinolin-8-ol (3). All three compounds (5 μM) reduced extracellular degradation of collagen IV by MCF-10A neoT cells by 45-70% as determined by spectrofluorimetry and they (50 μM) attenuated intracellular collagen IV degradation by 40-60% as measured with flow cytometry. Furthermore, all three compounds (5 μM) impaired MCF-10A neoT cell invasion by 40-80% as assessed by measuring electrical impedance in real time. Compounds 1 and 3 (5 μM), but not compound 2, significantly reduced the growth of MMTV-PyMT multicellular tumour spheroids. Collectively, these data suggest that the efficient strategy to impair harmful cathepsin B activity in tumour progression may include simultaneous and potent inhibition of cathepsin B endopeptidase and exopeptidase activities.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aminoacetonitrile / analogs & derivatives*
  • Aminoacetonitrile / chemical synthesis
  • Aminoacetonitrile / chemistry
  • Aminoacetonitrile / pharmacology
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Breast Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Cathepsin B / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Cathepsin B / metabolism*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Extracellular Matrix / drug effects*
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / prevention & control*
  • Nitroquinolines / chemical synthesis
  • Nitroquinolines / chemistry
  • Nitroquinolines / pharmacology*
  • Piperidines / chemical synthesis
  • Piperidines / chemistry
  • Piperidines / pharmacology*
  • Protease Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Protease Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Protease Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • 2-(((8-hydroxy-5-nitroquinoline-7-yl)methyl)amino)acetonitrile
  • 7-((4-methylpiperidin-1yl)methyl)-5-nitroquinolin-8-ol
  • 8-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-nitroquinoline
  • Nitroquinolines
  • Piperidines
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Aminoacetonitrile
  • CTSB protein, human
  • Cathepsin B