Metabolites of Aliphatic Alcohols Detected in Alcoholic Beverages Inhibit Phagocytosis

Alcohol Alcohol. 2016 Jul;51(4):388-94. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agv132. Epub 2015 Dec 28.

Abstract

Aims: The aim of our study was to measure granulocyte and monocyte phagocytosis following treatment of cells with some metabolites of aliphatic alcohols alone and in combination with acetaldehyde.

Methods: The cells were separated from human peripheral blood prior to determination of phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan particles by granulocytes and monocytes treated individually with metabolites of aliphatic alcohols including formaldehyde, 1-propanal, acetone, 1-butanal, and 2-butanone and in combination with acetaldehyde.

Results: The findings revealed that metabolites of aliphatic alcohols inhibited phagocytosis by granulocytes and monocytes in a concentration-dependent manner and when combined with acetaldehyde, they caused a further decrease in phagocytic activity.

Conclusion: Due to their additive effects, it is possible that, in combination with acetaldehyde, metabolites of aliphatic alcohols may inhibit phagocytosis at physiologically realistic concentrations in episodic heavy drinkers, thereby contributing to their increased susceptibility to infectious diseases.

MeSH terms

  • 1-Butanol / adverse effects
  • 1-Propanol / adverse effects
  • Acetaldehyde / adverse effects
  • Acetone / adverse effects
  • Adult
  • Alcoholic Beverages / adverse effects*
  • Alcoholic Beverages / analysis
  • Butanones / adverse effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Formaldehyde / adverse effects
  • Granulocytes / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monocytes / drug effects
  • Phagocytosis / drug effects*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Butanones
  • Acetone
  • Formaldehyde
  • methylethyl ketone
  • 1-Butanol
  • 1-Propanol
  • Acetaldehyde