Age-related macular degeneration: Complement in action

Immunobiology. 2016 Jun;221(6):733-9. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.11.007. Epub 2015 Dec 19.

Abstract

The complement system plays a key role in host-defense against common pathogens but must be tightly controlled to avoid inflammation and tissue damage. Polymorphisms in genes encoding two important negative regulators of the alternative complement pathway, complement factor H (CFH) and complement factor I (CFI), are associated with the risk for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision impairment in the ageing population. In this review, we will discuss the genetic basis of AMD and the potential impact of complement de-regulation on disease pathogenesis. Finally, we will highlight recent therapeutic approaches aimed at controlling complement activation in patients with AMD.

Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration; Complement; Genetics.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aging / genetics
  • Animals
  • Complement Activation / genetics
  • Complement Factor H / genetics*
  • Complement Factor I / genetics*
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Macular Degeneration / genetics*
  • Macular Degeneration / immunology
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Risk

Substances

  • Complement Factor H
  • Complement Factor I