Identification of Selective ERRγ Inverse Agonists

Molecules. 2016 Jan 12;21(1):80. doi: 10.3390/molecules21010080.

Abstract

GSK5182 (4) is currently one of the lead compounds for the development of estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) inverse agonists. Here, we report the design, synthesis, pharmacological and in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity (ADMET) properties of a series of compounds related to 4. Starting from 4, a series of analogs were structurally modified and their ERRγ inverse agonist activity was measured. A key pharmacophore feature of this novel class of ligands is the introduction of a heterocyclic group for A-ring substitution in the core scaffold. Among the tested compounds, several of them are potent ERRγ inverse agonists as determined by binding and functional assays. The most promising compound, 15g, had excellent binding selectivity over related subtypes (IC50 = 0.44, >10, >10, and 10 μM at the ERRγ, ERRα, ERRβ, and ERα subtypes, respectively). Compound 15g also resulted in 95% transcriptional repression at a concentration of 10 μM, while still maintaining an acceptable in vitro ADMET profile. This novel class of ERRγ inverse agonists shows promise in the development of drugs targeting ERRγ-related diseases.

Keywords: ADMET; GSK5182; estrogen-related receptor gamma; inverse agonist.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Cell Line
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / chemistry
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / metabolism
  • Drug Stability
  • ERG1 Potassium Channel
  • Epithelial Cells / drug effects
  • Epithelial Cells / metabolism
  • Estrogens / chemical synthesis
  • Estrogens / pharmacology*
  • Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels / chemistry
  • Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels / genetics
  • Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels / metabolism
  • Gene Expression
  • High-Throughput Screening Assays
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Mice
  • Microsomes, Liver / drug effects
  • Microsomes, Liver / metabolism
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Protein Binding
  • Rats
  • Receptors, Estrogen / chemistry
  • Receptors, Estrogen / genetics
  • Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism*
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemical synthesis
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tamoxifen / analogs & derivatives*
  • Tamoxifen / chemistry
  • Tamoxifen / pharmacology
  • Thermodynamics

Substances

  • ERG1 Potassium Channel
  • ESRRG protein, human
  • Estrogens
  • Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels
  • GSK5182
  • Ligands
  • Receptors, Estrogen
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • Tamoxifen
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System