Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Two Important Italian Political Leaders: A Paradigm of Ethical and Technological Evolution of Neurosurgery During the Past Half-Century

World Neurosurg. 2016 Aug:92:559-564. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.12.089. Epub 2016 Jan 14.

Abstract

For a curious and extraordinary coincidence, 5 of the 7 most relevant leaders of the Italian Communist Party (Partito Comunista Italiano, which was established in 1921, has been the biggest Communist Party in Western Countries) suffered a cerebral stroke. Cerebrovascular diseases afflicted also Stalin and Lenin, and a number of Presidents of the United States. We present the stories of 2 important Italian political leaders who shared both the leadership role of the major left Italian Party and the dramatic experience of a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Retracing their medical incidents, separated by 50 years of history, we show how a fatal medical disease has become neurosurgical and successfully cured thanks to the advances of neurosurgery, neuroradiology, and hospital organization. A neurologic disease that was disgraceful 50 years ago has lost any disquieting and embarrassing significance in the present time to the light of evolution of vascular neurosurgery.

Keywords: Cerebral aneurysm; History of neurosurgery; Italian; Neurosurgery evolution; Political leaders; SAH.

Publication types

  • Historical Article
  • Portrait
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Famous Persons
  • History, 19th Century
  • History, 20th Century
  • History, 21st Century
  • Humans
  • Italy
  • Leadership
  • Neurosurgery* / ethics
  • Neurosurgery* / history
  • Neurosurgery* / methods
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / history*
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / therapy*
  • Technology / ethics
  • Technology / history