Doing more with less: New markers for sarcoma diagnosis and their applicability to cytology specimens

Leslie G Dodd; Patrick Ware; Daniel Duncan; Johann Hertel

doi:10.1002/dc.23428

Doing more with less: New markers for sarcoma diagnosis and their applicability to cytology specimens

Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Apr;44(4):351-60. doi: 10.1002/dc.23428. Epub 2016 Jan 18.

Authors

Leslie G Dodd¹, Patrick Ware¹, Daniel Duncan¹, Johann Hertel¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Pathology, Section of Cytopathology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514.

PMID: 26780171
DOI: 10.1002/dc.23428

Abstract

Sarcomas are a rare and extremely diverse set of neoplasms that are often a challenge to diagnose for pathologists. For a number of reasons, primary diagnosis of soft tissue neoplasms is increasingly being performed on small biopsy specimens including fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB). In the last several years, there has been a significant increase in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this group of tumors. New insights into the genetic mechanisms of tumor formation have been exploited to create a new generation of diagnostic markers that are accessible to most laboratories. This review describes a number of new ancillary markers, and how they can facilitate accurate diagnosis of soft tissue neoplasms on FNA/CNB.

Keywords: fine needle aspiration; needle biopsy; sarcoma; soft tissue tumors.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Adult
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / genetics
Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
Biopsy, Fine-Needle
Biopsy, Large-Core Needle
Co-Repressor Proteins
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 / genetics
Histocytochemistry
Humans
Mucin-4 / genetics
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / genetics
Repressor Proteins / genetics
SMARCB1 Protein / genetics
SOXE Transcription Factors / genetics
STAT6 Transcription Factor / genetics
Sarcoma / diagnosis*
Sarcoma / genetics
Sarcoma / pathology
Sarcoma / surgery
Soft Tissue Neoplasms / diagnosis*
Soft Tissue Neoplasms / genetics
Soft Tissue Neoplasms / pathology
Soft Tissue Neoplasms / surgery

Substances

Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
Biomarkers, Tumor
Co-Repressor Proteins
MUC4 protein, human
Mucin-4
Repressor Proteins
SMARCB1 Protein
SMARCB1 protein, human
SOX10 protein, human
SOXE Transcription Factors
STAT6 Transcription Factor
STAT6 protein, human
TFE3 protein, human
TLE1 protein, human
MDM2 protein, human
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
CDK4 protein, human
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4