Developmental venous anomalies of the brain in children -- imaging spectrum and update

Pediatr Radiol. 2016 Mar;46(3):394-406; quiz 391-3. doi: 10.1007/s00247-015-3525-3. Epub 2016 Jan 21.

Abstract

Developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) are the most common vascular malformation of the brain and are commonly identified on routine imaging of the brain. They are typically considered incidental findings, usually with no clinical significance. However the increasing identification of DVAs as a result of improved imaging technology has led to recognition of their association with a variety of abnormal imaging findings and clinically important conditions. This pictorial essay explores the suspected embryological origin, associated imaging features, and proposed pathophysiological mechanisms of DVAs in the pediatric population. This paper emphasizes newer physiological imaging data, which suggest that DVA drainage has less physiological flexibility than otherwise normal venous drainage development.

Keywords: Arterialized developmental venous anomaly; Brain; Cerebral cavernous malformations; Children; Developmental venous anomaly; Magnetic resonance imaging; Thrombosis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cerebral Veins / abnormalities*
  • Cerebral Veins / diagnostic imaging*
  • Cerebral Veins / embryology
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography / methods*
  • Male
  • Vascular Malformations / diagnostic imaging*
  • Vascular Malformations / embryology*