Outcomes after resection of cortisol-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma

Am J Surg. 2016 Jun;211(6):1106-13. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.09.020. Epub 2015 Dec 31.

Abstract

Background: We sought to define the impact of cortisol-secreting status on outcomes after surgical resection of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).

Methods: The U.S ACC group database was queried to identify patients who underwent ACC resection between 1993 and 2014. The short-term and long-term outcomes were assessed.

Results: The incidence of all functional and cortisol-secreting tumors was 40.6% and 22.6%, respectively. On multivariable analysis, cortisol secretion remained associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications (odds ratio = 2.25, 95 % confidence interval = 1.04 to 4.88; P = .04). At a median follow-up of 17.6 months, 118 patients (50.4%) had developed a recurrence. On multivariable analysis, after adjusting for patient and disease-related factors cortisol secretion independently predicted shorter recurrence-free survival (Hazard ratio = 2.05, 95% confidence interval = 1.16 to 3.60; P = .01).

Conclusions: Cortisol secretion was associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity. Recurrence remains high among patients with ACC after surgery; cortisol secretion was independently associated with a shorter recurrence-free survival. Tailoring postoperative surveillance of ACC patients based on their cortisol secreting status may be important.

Keywords: Adrenocortical; Carcinoma; Cortisol; Outcomes.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Evaluation Study
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Adrenalectomy / adverse effects
  • Adrenalectomy / methods*
  • Adrenocortical Carcinoma / diagnosis
  • Adrenocortical Carcinoma / mortality*
  • Adrenocortical Carcinoma / surgery*
  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Cause of Death
  • Databases, Factual
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydrocortisone / metabolism
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications / physiopathology
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Hydrocortisone