Self-Management Strategies in Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes

J Pediatr Health Care. 2017 Jan-Feb;31(1):29-36. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2016.01.003. Epub 2016 Feb 6.

Abstract

Introduction: We examined changes in self-management behaviors after high school graduation in a cohort of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Sixty-four emerging adults reported on diabetes self-management behaviors at three time points over a 1-year period. Glycemic control and blood glucose monitoring frequency data were collected from the medical chart.

Results: Collaboration with parents decreased, diabetes problem-solving and communication increased, and glycemic control worsened during the first year after high school (p < .05). Problem solving appeared to be protective against worsening glycemic control; higher baseline diabetes problem solving significantly predicted better glycemic control at the 1-year follow-up.

Discussion: Emerging adults demonstrate increased independence in diabetes problem solving and communication with health care providers in the year after high school. Problem-solving skills may help emerging adults adapt type 1 diabetes self-care in response to unpredictable schedules after high-school, and promoting these skills may prevent deteriorations in glycemic control during this risky period.

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes; adherence; adolescents; glycemic control; problem solving; self-management.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / psychology
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / statistics & numerical data*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / psychology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Medication Adherence / psychology
  • Medication Adherence / statistics & numerical data*
  • Parents
  • Patient Education as Topic
  • Problem Solving
  • Self-Management / methods*
  • Self-Management / psychology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Transition to Adult Care*
  • United States
  • Young Adult