A General Approach for Generating Fluorescent Probes to Visualize Piconewton Forces at the Cell Surface

J Am Chem Soc. 2016 Mar 9;138(9):2901-4. doi: 10.1021/jacs.5b11602. Epub 2016 Feb 26.

Abstract

Mechanical forces between cells and their extracellular matrix (ECM) are mediated by dozens of different receptors. These biophysical interactions play fundamental roles in processes ranging from cellular development to tumor progression. However, mapping the spatial and temporal dynamics of tension among various receptor-ligand pairs remains a significant challenge. To address this issue, we have developed a synthetic strategy to generate modular tension probes combining the native chemical ligation (NCL) reaction with solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). In principle, this approach accommodates virtually any peptide or expressed protein amenable to NCL. We generated a small library of tension probes displaying different ligands, flexible linkers, and fluorescent reporters, enabling the mapping of integrin and cadherin tension, and demonstrating the first example of long-term (∼3 days) molecular tension imaging. This approach provides a toolset to better understand mechanotransduction events fundamental to cell biology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Dogs
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemical synthesis
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry*
  • Integrins / chemistry
  • Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
  • Mechanotransduction, Cellular
  • Mice
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence / methods*
  • NIH 3T3 Cells
  • Oligopeptides / chemistry
  • Peptides / chemistry
  • Polyethylene Glycols / chemistry
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / analysis
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / chemistry*
  • Rhodamines / chemistry
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemical synthesis
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry
  • Solid-Phase Synthesis Techniques

Substances

  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Integrins
  • Oligopeptides
  • Peptides
  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Rhodamines
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • tetramethylrhodamine
  • arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid