Prophylaxis With a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-Specific Human Monoclonal Antibody Protects Rabbits From MERS-CoV Infection

J Infect Dis. 2016 May 15;213(10):1557-61. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw080. Epub 2016 Mar 3.

Abstract

With >1600 documented human infections with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and a case fatality rate of approximately 36%, medical countermeasures are needed to prevent and limit the disease. We examined the in vivo efficacy of the human monoclonal antibody m336, which has high neutralizing activity against MERS-CoV in vitro. m336 was administered to rabbits intravenously or intranasally before infection with MERS-CoV. Prophylaxis with m336 resulted in a reduction of pulmonary viral RNA titers by 40-9000-fold, compared with an irrelevant control antibody with little to no inflammation or viral antigen detected. This protection in rabbits supports further clinical development of m336.

Keywords: MERS-CoV; human mAb; m336; prophylaxis; rabbits.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intranasal
  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use*
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / blood
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Antibodies, Viral / therapeutic use*
  • Coronavirus Infections / immunology
  • Coronavirus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
  • Lung / virology
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / genetics
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / immunology*
  • RNA, Viral / analysis
  • Rabbits

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
  • RNA, Viral