Abdominal Compartment Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

Patrick Maluso; Jody Olson; Babak Sarani

doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2015.12.001

Abdominal Compartment Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

Crit Care Clin. 2016 Apr;32(2):213-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.12.001. Epub 2016 Feb 4.

Authors

Patrick Maluso¹, Jody Olson², Babak Sarani³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, George Washington University, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, Northwest, Suite 6B, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
² Division of Hepatology, University of Kansas, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS 1023, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Division of Liver Transplantation, University of Kansas, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, MS 1023, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
³ Department of Surgery, Center for Trauma and Critical Care, George Washington University, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, Northwest, Suite 6B, Washington, DC 20037, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 27016163
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.12.001

Abstract

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are rare but potentially morbid diagnoses. Clinical index of suspicion for these disorders should be raised following massive resuscitation, abdominal wall reconstruction/injury, and in those with space-occupying disorders in the abdomen. Gold standard for diagnosis involves measurement of bladder pressure, with a pressure greater than 12 mm Hg being consistent with IAH and greater than 25 mm Hg being consistent with ACS. Decompressive laparotomy is definitive therapy but paracentesis can be equally therapeutic in properly selected patients. Left untreated, ACS can lead to multisystem organ failure and death.

Keywords: Abdominal compartment syndrome; Abdominal hypertension.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Humans
Intra-Abdominal Hypertension / complications*
Intra-Abdominal Hypertension / diagnosis
Intra-Abdominal Hypertension / physiopathology*
Intra-Abdominal Hypertension / therapy
Multiple Organ Failure / diagnosis
Multiple Organ Failure / etiology*
Multiple Organ Failure / physiopathology*
Multiple Organ Failure / therapy