MicroRNA-421 regulated by HIF-1α promotes metastasis, inhibits apoptosis, and induces cisplatin resistance by targeting E-cadherin and caspase-3 in gastric cancer

Oncotarget. 2016 Apr 26;7(17):24466-82. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8228.

Abstract

Hypoxia and dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as crucial factors in carcinogenesis. However, the potential mechanisms of HIF-1α and miR-421 in gastric cancer have not been well elucidated. In this study, we found that miR-421 was up-regulated by HIF-1α. Overexpression of miR-421 promoted metastasis, inhibited apoptosis, and induced cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer in vivo and in vitro. E-cadherin and caspase-3 were identified as targets of miR-421. Besides, relative mRNA expression of miR-421 was significantly increased in gastric cancer tumor tissues compared with non-tumor tissues in a cohort of gastric cancer specimens (n=107). The expression of miR-421 was higher in advanced gastric cancers compared with localized ones. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis illustrated that those patients with low levels of miR-421 had a significant longer overall survival (p = 0.006) and time to relapse (p = 0.007). Therefore, miR-421 could serve as an important prognostic marker and a potential molecular target for therapy in gastric cancer.

Keywords: HIF-1α; cisplatin resistance; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; gastric cancer; miR-421.

MeSH terms

  • 3' Untranslated Regions / genetics
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Cadherins / genetics*
  • Cadherins / metabolism
  • Caspase 3 / genetics*
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cisplatin / pharmacology*
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / drug effects
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / genetics*
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / metabolism
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Prognosis
  • RNA Interference
  • Stomach Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / genetics
  • Stomach Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • 3' Untranslated Regions
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Cadherins
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
  • MIRN421 microRNA, human
  • MicroRNAs
  • Caspase 3
  • Cisplatin