Short-term aerobic exercise training improves gut peptide regulation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

J Appl Physiol (1985). 2016 May 15;120(10):1159-64. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00693.2015. Epub 2016 Mar 31.

Abstract

Obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common chronic liver disease. Exercise and diet are uniformly prescribed treatments for NAFLD; however, there are limited empirical data on the effects of exercise training on metabolic function in these patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fasting and glucose-stimulated adaptation of gut peptides to short-term aerobic exercise training in patients with NAFLD. Twenty-two obese subjects, 16 with NAFLD [body mass index (BMI), 33.2 ± 1.1 (SE) kg/m(2)] and 6 obese controls (BMI, 31.3 ± 1.2 kg/m(2)), were enrolled in a supervised aerobic exercise program (60 min/day, 85% of their heart rate maximum, for 7 days). Fasting and glucose-stimulated glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-17-36) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYYTotal) concentrations in plasma were assessed before and after the exercise program. Initially, the NAFLD group had higher fasting PYY (NAFLD = 117 ± 18.6, control = 47.2 ± 6.4 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and GLP-1 (NAFLD = 12.4 ± 2.2, control = 6.2 ± 0.2 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and did not significantly increase GLP-1 or PYY in response to glucose ingestion. After the exercise program, fasting GLP-1 was reduced in the NAFLD group (10.7 ± 2.0 pg/ml, P < 0.05). Furthermore, exercise training led to significant increase in the acute (0-30 min) PYY and GLP-1 responses to glucose in the NAFLD group, while the total area under the glucose-stimulated GLP-1 response curve was reduced in both NAFLD and controls (P < 0.05). In summary, 7 days of vigorous aerobic exercise normalized the dynamic PYY and GLP-1 responses to nutrient stimulation and reduced the GLP-1 response in NAFLD, suggesting that exercise positively modulates gut hormone regulation in obese adults with NAFLD.

Keywords: fatty liver disease; insulin resistance; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; obesity; physical activity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Blood Glucose / physiology
  • Exercise / physiology*
  • Fasting / metabolism
  • Fasting / physiology
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Tract / metabolism*
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / metabolism
  • Glucose / metabolism
  • Heart Rate / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / metabolism*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / physiopathology*
  • Obesity / metabolism
  • Obesity / physiopathology
  • Peptide YY / metabolism*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Peptide YY
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • Glucose