Seroprevalence of pertussis among adults in China where whole cell vaccines have been used for 50 years

J Infect. 2016 Jul;73(1):38-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.04.004. Epub 2016 Apr 8.

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the true incidence of pertussis in Chinese adults who are at a childbearing age.

Methods: A total of 897 serum samples from healthy individuals aged 20-39 years were selected randomly from a large number of serum samples collected in 2010 in Beijing, China. Anti-pertussis toxin (Ptx) IgG antibodies were determined with the Virion/Serion ELISA kits using purified Ptx as a coating antigen.

Results: Only 124 (13.8%) were found to have undetectable anti-Ptx IgG antibodies. The mean concentration was 13.76 IU/ml (95% CI, 12.37-15.15). Forty-six (5.1%) subjects had anti-Ptx IgG levels greater than or equal to 40 IU/ml, indicative of a pertussis infection, and nine (1%) had IgG antibodies greater than or equal to 100 IU/ml, indicative of a recent infection within a year. No significant differences were observed between age groups of 20-29 and 30-39 years, or between genders.

Conclusions: Our study showed that about 5% of adults aged 20-39 years had positive anti-Ptx IgG antibodies, suggesting that adult pertussis is common in China. Giving a booster vaccination to pregnant women should possibly be considered in order to protect young infants who are too young to be vaccinated in this country.

Keywords: ELISA; Immunization; Pertussis; Pertussis toxin IgG; Seroprevalence.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibodies, Bacterial / blood*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • China / epidemiology
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pertussis Toxin / immunology*
  • Pertussis Vaccine / administration & dosage*
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Vaccines, Acellular / administration & dosage
  • Whooping Cough / epidemiology*
  • Whooping Cough / prevention & control
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Pertussis Vaccine
  • Vaccines, Acellular
  • Pertussis Toxin