Can a Silver-Coated Arthrodesis Implant Provide a Viable Alternative to Above Knee Amputation in the Unsalvageable, Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty?

J Arthroplasty. 2016 Nov;31(11):2542-2547. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 Apr 22.

Abstract

Background: In the unsalvageable, infected total knee arthroplasty, knee arthrodesis is one treatment option with lower reported reinfection rates compared with repeated 2-stage revision and improved function compared with amputation. One possible method for reducing incidence of recurrent infection treated by arthrodesis is the use of a silver-coated implant. We report our experience of silver-coated arthrodesis nails used for managing infected revision arthroplasty. We primarily assess the rate of reinfection and rate of amputation and report functional outcome measures.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing knee arthrodesis with a silver-coated arthrodesis nail between 2008 and 2014. Patient-reported data were recorded prearthrodesis and postarthrodesis (Oxford Knee Score and Short Form-36) as well as evidence of recurrent of infection, subsequent surgery, and the necessity for amputation.

Results: Eight patients underwent arthrodesis using the silver-coated arthrodesis nail. Mean duration of follow-up was 16 months (5-35 months). At the point of follow-up, there were no amputations, deaths, or implant revisions. One case of recurrent infection was successfully treated with washout and debridement. The mean prearthrodesis and postarthrodesis Oxford Knee Score difference was +8.9 points (P = .086) with significantly improved pain (P = .019), night pain (P = .021), and ease of standing (P = .003).

Conclusion: Arthrodesis of the knee using a silver-coated intramedullary device is successful in eradicating infection and allowing limb conservation. Where infection does recur, this can be successfully treated with implant retention. The use of a silver-coated arthrodesis nail should be considered as an alternative to amputation for patients with a multiply revised and infected total knee arthroplasty.

Keywords: arthrodesis; coating; infection; knee; silver.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amputation, Surgical / statistics & numerical data
  • Arthrodesis / adverse effects
  • Arthrodesis / instrumentation*
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / adverse effects*
  • Bone Nails
  • Debridement / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Femur Head / surgery
  • Humans
  • Knee Joint / surgery
  • Knee Prosthesis / adverse effects
  • Limb Salvage / adverse effects
  • Limb Salvage / instrumentation*
  • Limb Salvage / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections / epidemiology
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections / etiology
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections / prevention & control*
  • Recurrence
  • Reoperation / adverse effects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Silver / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Failure
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology

Substances

  • Silver