Background: Adults who have been identified as being in poor health typically exhibit chronic health conditions and concomitant higher health care expenditures. These adults have proportionately lower health insurance coverage and may face barriers to treatment access. Method: Estimates for this report were generated from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), which is an annual survey conducted by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Results: Adults with behavioral health conditions were more likely to self-report poor health than those without such conditions. Health expenditures for both physical and behavioral health treatment were higher for those adults who reported having behavioral health care treatment than for adults without such treatment, regardless of their health insurance coverage. Conclusion: Expanded health coverage following passage of the Affordable Care Act may improve opportunities for those with behavioral health conditions to access quality health services for both their physical and behavioral health care needs.