The Decoy Effect Within Alcohol Purchasing Decisions

Subst Use Misuse. 2016 Aug 23;51(10):1353-62. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2016.1168449. Epub 2016 May 31.

Abstract

Background: The decoy effect is the phenomenon where the introduction of a third choice to a decision dyad changes the distribution of preferences between options.

Objectives: Examine whether this effect exists in alcohol purchasing decisions and whether testing context impacts this.

Method: Fifty-two participants tested in either a bar or library context and were asked to choose one of a series of beer and water deals presented for timed intervals. In some cases, two options were presented (with similar attractiveness) and in other cases a third, less preferable, decoy option was added.

Results: A basic decoy effect in both alcohol and water purchasing decisions. Specifically, there were reductions in the selection of both the original options when the decoy was added into choice dyads. A significant interaction demonstrated in the bar context there was a significant difference such that there was a slight increase in participants selecting the most cost effective option when the decoy was added, and a simultaneous decrease in those choosing the moderately cost effective option. There were no such differences observed in the library condition.

Conclusion: The same product may be perceived differently across contexts and, as such, consumers in a pub environment may be particularly vulnerable to the decoy effect.

Keywords: Decoy effect; alcohol; context; purchasing; selection.

MeSH terms

  • Beer
  • Choice Behavior*
  • Environment
  • Humans