Severe Intradural Lumbar Disc Herniation with Cranially Oriented Free Fragment Migration

World Neurosurg. 2016 Aug:92:582.e1-582.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.06.024. Epub 2016 Jun 16.

Abstract

Background: Intrathecal disc herniation is a rare but serious condition that has the potential to generate devastating neurologic deficits. We present a case of a 56-year-old man who developed cauda equina syndrome after several episodes of severe Valsalva maneuver.

Case description: The patient was found to have developed subacute urinary retention and leg weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were concerning for an unusual-appearing lesion extending cranially at L2-3. Urgent decompression via an L2 laminectomy, exploration, and subsequent discectomy was performed. The patient recovered exceptionally well, regaining bladder function and ultimately being able to ambulate without assistance.

Conclusions: Cranially extending intrathecal disc herniations are a rare phenomenon and exceptionally uncommon above L3. The clinician should have a high level of suspicion for herniation when looking at the clinical and historical information consistent with such a diagnosis even in the presence of ambiguous imaging findings.

Keywords: Cauda equina; Disc herniation; Intradural; Intrathecal.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Decompression, Surgical / methods*
  • Diskectomy
  • Foreign Bodies / complications*
  • Humans
  • Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / complications*
  • Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / diagnostic imaging
  • Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / surgery
  • Intervertebral Disc Displacement / complications*
  • Intervertebral Disc Displacement / diagnostic imaging
  • Intervertebral Disc Displacement / surgery
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / surgery
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polyradiculopathy / etiology*
  • Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed
  • Urinary Retention / complications

Supplementary concepts

  • Intervertebral disc disease